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건강증진의 개념이 질병예방 측면의 부정적인 측면에서 점차 긍정적인 측면으로 변화되어 오면서 자기의 책임을 포함한 개인의 생활방식의 변화가 중요함을 강조하고 있다.
본 연구는 생식기능 및 질병과 관계괸 연구가 대부분인 과거 여성 연구의 경향에서 벗어난 여성의 건강증진을 위한 간호중재 방안의 기초자료를 제공하기 위한 것으로서, 직업유무에 따른 건강증진 생활방식과 이에 영향을 미치는 변수들인 자아존중감, 건강통제위 성격, 건강지각을 비교한 연구이다. 두군의 건강증진 생활방식은 차이가 없었으나 하부영역에서는 자아실현과운동영역에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 또한 자아존중감, 미래의 건강에 대한 지각정도, 타인의존성 성향에 유의한 차이를 보였다.
이러한 결과를 종합해 볼 때 자아존중감이 높고 앞으로의 건강상태에 대해 긍정적으로 지각하며, 건강에 대한 관심이 높을수록, 질병에 대한 저항서이 민감성이 높을 때 여성들의 건강증진 생활방식을 잘 실천하는 거슬 의미하므로 간호중재시 개개인의 특성을 고려한 접근이 이루어져야 할 것이다.
This comparative survey research was conducted to compare the relationship between health promotion lifestyles, selfesteem, health locus of control and health perception for employed and unemployed women. The sample consisted of 58 employed women and 63 unemployed women residing in Seoul and over 35 years old. The tool used for this study was a structured questionnaire which was revised by the researcher. The tool consisted of 8 items related to demographic characteristics, 47 items on health promotion lifestyle profile, 10 items on selfesteem measurement,18 items on health locus of control, 21 items on health perception question-nacre.
The data collected from the interviews were analyzing using SPSS, yielding f requencies,percentiles, means, standard deviatons, t test, X2test, Pearson´s product moment correlation.
The result of this study are as follows :
1) The demograpic variables for the two groups were homogenous except f age.
2) No significance differences were found between the two groups on the hea promotion lifestyle(t=.06, p=.954), but there was a statistically significa difference. between the two gorups on 2 subscale(self actualization and nui
tion) of the health promotion lifestyle.
Comparison of the order of the scores between the two groups for the employed women showed that the highest score was for nutrition, then self actualization, interpersonal support, stress management, health responsibility and exercise in that order. For the unemployed women, the highest score was for nutrition, then interpersonal support, self actualization, stress management, health responsibility and exercise in that order.
3) There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups on the selfesteem, employed women had lower score on selfesteem than unemployed women (t = 3.37, p=.001).
4) The result of the comparison between the two groups were significantly different for future health status, employed women(mean 3.57) had higher scores than unemployed women ( mean 3.25) (t = 2.14,p = .034) .
5) Comparison of the order of the scores between the two groups showed that the highest score was for internal health locus of control, but there was a statistically no significant difference. However, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups on the external health locus of control(t= -3.90, p=.000).
6) With regard to the relationship between health promotion lifestyle and self es-teem, health locus of control, health perception, there was a correlation between health promotion lifestyle and self-esteem (.41 ), future health status(. 32) health concern(.38), resistance/susceptibility to illness(.39), internal health locus of control (.51) for employed women.
For the unemployed women, between health promotion lifestyle and self esteem(.38), future health status(.31), health concern(.40), resistance/susceptibility to illness(.34).
In conclusion, on the basis of the results of this study, to improve health promotion lifestyle behaviors by higher the level of perceived health status, health education would be needed to increase the self-esteem and responsibility of health for women.
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